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Where�s My Feather Pillow?
Guest History -  Still a Sadly Undeveloped Art
by Michael Schubach, May 2000

Like most of us, I attend a lot of meetings.  (Meetings � you know � those little professional safety valves that business people build into their schedule to keep productivity numbers from skyrocketing.)  During a recent meeting, our marketing strategists were discussing plans announced by a competing resort chain to fund yet another state-of-the-art guest history and preference system.  Their new system (and see if any of this sounds familiar) would catalog each guest�s champagne wishes and caviar dreams.  This wealth of information would all be instantly available to a state-of-the-art desk clerk, who would transform guest registration into the kind of fantasy fulfillment one typically associates with 900 numbers.  Our marketing mogul ended with a summary observation that most of us have listened to for a couple of decades now: �The staff will know that Mr. Smith favors a Merlot over a Cabernet and definitely prefers a feather pillow.�

In attendance at that same meeting was an operations executive, a well-respected and well-traveled industry veteran, who asked the most thought-provoking question of the session: �Has anyone ever stayed in a hotel that actually does something with that information?�  Profound silence ensued.

Certainly all of us know that there are hotels that do in fact do something with guest information, but two and a half decades into the Information Age the question is still being asked.  Given the length of time that information specialists have been keeping electronic tabs on the traveling public, isn�t it odd that industry insiders still regard checking into a hotel with exceptional (or any) guest recognition skills as an uncommon experience?

The better question is �What do hotels do with their guest history information?�  The first and most obvious answer is that chain hotels offer �frequent sleeper� clubs that promise airline points or bonus stays as a reward for continued patronage.  Certainly we all love freebies, and if there�s a choice in accommodation then earning a few loyalty points probably breaks a tie.  But do club points add value to the guest experience?  Has being a frequent sleeper made you more recognizable to the staff?  Has the service improved?  Did your membership earn you your Merlot and feather pillow?  My own personal experience as a club member has been that I spend more time at the front desk finding my account number and fighting to make certain that my points are properly credited.  

A second easy answer is that the hotel used its guest history files to build the proverbial mailing list, that magic chance for guests who live in deserving zip codes to read about the Dew Drop Inn when they�re not traveling.  This is an excellent use of guest history� for the hotel.  Mailings lure new guests to the door or remind those who have visited to come again, but they still don�t do much for the guest in search of the elusive feather pillow.

So what happened to the PMS feature our industry fought hard to get and now struggles to use?  Other than to puncture the database every so often to see if it will bleed a mailing list, I contend that virtually nothing is done with the information asset we think we cherish.  Very rarely do I see a front desk agent actually use information at hand to make my stay more hospitable or to choose my room with criteria other than �vacant� and �clean.�  The act of collecting data keeps more than one or two of us in paychecks, but the act of using information on behalf of a guest is still a sadly undeveloped art.  We behave as though data is the object of the game, when in fact it is merely a means to an end.  We confuse knowledge with data � they aren�t even vaguely the same commodities.  Intelligence is what we really crave, but file storage capacity is what we have to show for our efforts.  Quantity is measurable so quantity becomes the product.  Show me the IT professional who brags about guest history file size, and I�ll show you a mother load of fool�s gold.  But find the front office specialist who can use on-line data to personalize the guest�s stay and knowingly offer a tailor-made experience and you will have arrived at El Dorado.  

Am I prone to exaggeration?  Perhaps a little, but the three questions I am still most frequently asked by a registration clerk are, in order:

  1. Could you spell that for me, please?
  2. Do you have a credit card with you?
  3. Have you stayed with us before?
I believe that all hospitality professionals should reply to Question #3 the same way I do: fix the clerk with a steady eye and in a no-nonsense, mildly obnoxious tone of voice, say, �You tell me if I�ve stayed with you before.�  I speak with demographic certainty when I tell you that the clerk will give you an embarrassed laugh and the �you�re-not-serious� look.  Don�t let it pass � follow up immediately with Reply, Part II:  �I�m very serious.  Please look in your system and tell me if, when and how often I�ve been a guest of this hotel.�  From here on out, you�re in for an eye-opening experience of one form or another.  (One desperate clerk fumbled with her system for about a minute, and then turned to me and blurted out, �All I wanted to do was tell you where the elevators are.�  Trust me, if she had traded �have you stayed with us before?� for �do you know how to get to the elevator?� both of us would have been much happier people right from the start.)  

How can we convert from �being here� to �getting there�?  Let me offer a few recommendations for effectively implementing a �state-of-the-art� customer intelligence database:
 

1.  Start easy.  Not everyone needs an FBI dossier in your database � asking the first-time visitor for vital statistics is like proposing marriage over appetizers on a blind date.  Content yourself with collecting passive data (zip code, room type and spending patterns) until you establish at least a two-date relationship.  Use that first date to impress your intended with outstanding customer service rather than intensive data collection.  (P.S.  Talk about missed opportunities: most hotels think the only application of guest history is to fawn over the repeat clientele.  Isn�t it just as important � if not more so � to fawn over the first-timer?  The absence of a guest history record is a huge opportunity for specialized service for an audience that is more likely to need and appreciate the extra attention they receive.)  
2.  Remember that passive information is just exactly that.  Just because your guest spent his or her first few evenings in your establishment occupying a room with a spectacular view of the trash dumpster does not signal a life-long preference.  Use subsequent stays to validate perceptions of preference, not to cement passive data into an unchangeable pattern of guest abuse.  Convert impressions into action by pausing to ask� and then never stop asking.  Guest preferences change � smokers quit (and start up again) and even the most ardent Merlot devotees have been known to knock back a Chardonnay now and then.  Guest profiles need to be as dynamic and changeable as the human beings they represent.
3.  Never ask a question unless you�re prepared to act upon the answer.  If you ask a guest for personal information � such as a birth date or a wine preference � you had better be in the birthday card and wine delivery business.  Asking for information creates an expectation.  Failing to respond when information is shared is a broken promise, whether you verbalized any such a promise or not. 
4.  Make sure guests understand the advantage of sharing personal information with their host.  Ask me for my e-mail address and I�ll pretend I don�t remember what it is; invite me to select some thoughtfully crafted, custom tailored insider benefits and I�ll spill my guts.  
5.  Never forget that your real marketing department is working behind your front desk.  An impressive database that fails to spark recognition and response from the service staff is worse than meaningless.  All the brochures and e-mail spam you could ever hurl at your beloved guest will never make up for the blank stare of an ill-informed receptionist.  Throw a few of those marketing dollars back into the lobby and provide those on the service frontier with better, faster and more accurate ways to make your guests feel at home.  (By the way � and I mention this only because it�s the glaringly obvious step that is continually overlooked � train and retrain your staff on any state-of-the-art system you install.  �Asking your guest� and �training your staff� are activities that share an important common trait � neither can ever be done just once.)  
6.  If you think customer information and demographics are important, then act like it.  Your customer database needs to be at least one person�s full-time job-vocation-higher calling, and everyone�s full-time concern.  If you care about managing customer relationships (and you should) then your database needs to be maintained like your business� most important asset.  Make it your business to know how and what information is being collected, how and when it is being used, verified and updated, and how it creates a tangible benefit for your guests.  Don�t just reward your loyal guests with membership in your mailing list � give them (dare I commit the concept to print?) a feather pillow. 

And it might be a good idea to keep a little Merlot handy on those days when you�re overbooked on your upgraded pillows. 



Michael Schubach, CHTP is vice president, resort technology, for The Pinehurst Company, the wholly owned resort subsidiary of ClubCorp.  He offices at Pinehurst Resort, site of the 1999 and 2005 U.S. Open golf championships.  He travels with a major credit card, prefers Veuve Clicquot champagne (any year), and manages to sustain a remarkable indifference toward the subject of pillow construction and content. He can be spammed at [email protected]
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Contact:
Geneva Rinehart
Associate Editor
Hospitality Upgrade magazine 
and the Hospitality Upgrade.com website
http://www.hospitalityupgrade.com
[email protected]

 
Also See: Biometric Payment: The New Age of Currency /  By Geneva Rinehart / May 2000
The Battle for the High-Speed Internet Guest / Geneva Rinehart / Feb 1999 
Revenue Management Systems �Must-Have� or Luxury? / Jon Inge / Nov 1998 

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